HAZOP Study www.thesafetymaster.com

 HAZOP Study www.thesafetymaster.com 

PHA (Process Hazard Analysis) is a thorough, step-by-step review of chemical and manufacturing plant operating procedures. The goal is to identify potential causes and evaluate the consequences of hazardous chemical releases. The process helps organizations identify a range of risks from equipment failures to human factors to improving safety, preventing downtime and protecting the surrounding environment.

 

A process hazard analysis must also be conducted for a new or altered process before it begins operating. Keep in mind that process hazard analysis is required with some of the more common processes, but there are many other processes that need to have a process hazard analysis conducted as well.

List of some of the common methods used to evaluate process hazards.

Checklists

This method uses established codes, standards and well-understood hazardous operations as a checklist against which to compare a process.  A good checklist is dependent on the experience level and knowledge of those who develop it.

What If

This approach uses a multi-skilled team to create and answer a series of “what-if” type questions.  This method has a relatively loose structure and is only as effective as the quality of the questions asked and the answers given.

Hazard and Operability Study (HAZOP)

A structured, systematic review that identifies equipment that is being used in a way that it was not designed to be, and which might create hazards or operational problems.  HAZOPs are usually conducted by a multi-skilled team that studies piping and instrument diagrams.

 

Each pipeline and vessel is evaluated for certain limitations and deviations in flow, temperature, pressure, etc.

Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA)

A systematic study of the consequences of failure (breakdown) of certain operational hardware such as transmitters, controllers, valves, pumps, etc.

 

 

Fault-Tree Analysis

This method draws a picture (model) that shows what undesirable outcomes might result from a specific initiating event (for example, a pipe rupture in a pipe rack).  It uses graphics and symbols to show the possible order of events which might result in an accident.

 

 

 

A process hazard analysis cannot be done by just anyone. 

 

PHAs must be performed by a team with process and engineering knowledge and include at least one employee experienced in running the process.  Also, one member of the team must have experience with the PHA method being used.

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